According to Wikipedia, pavement engineering is a branch of civil engineering that focuses on the design, construction, maintenance, and rehabilitation of road pavements, including flexible (asphalt) and rigid (concrete) pavements. It combines knowledge of soil mechanics, hydraulics, and material properties to ensure roads are durable, safe, and cost-effective. Pavement engineers use testing methods such as the Pavement Condition Index (PCI), Falling Weight Deflectometer (FWD), and Lightweight Deflectometer (LWD) to assess pavement conditions, determine structural performance, and improve pavement design. Modern pavement engineering also incorporates mechanistic–empirical modelling and field data to predict pavement behavior under repeated traffic loading, leading to longer-lasting and more reliable road infrastructure.